Claudia Chaves, MD, Daniel Gans, undergraduate student, Jessica Vecchia, RN, MSN, Catia Melo, SC and Ann Camac, MD, Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Lexington, MA

Hollis O’Nell-Meyer, BA1, Jennifer A. Ruiz, DPT2, Elizabeth S Gromisch, PhD2,3, Lindsay Neto, MPH2 and Peter Wade, MD2, (1)Frank H. Netter Medical School at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, (2)Mandell Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Mount Sinai Rehabilitation Hospital, Trinity Health Of New England, Hartford, CT, (3)Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT

Patrick Vermersch, PhD, University of Lille, Lille, France, Gavin Giovannoni, MBBCh, PhD, FCP, FRCP, FRCPath, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Per Soelberg Soerensen, MD, Department of Neurology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Birgit Keller, Diplom, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany and Dominic Jack, PhD, Merck Serono Ltd, Middlesex, United Kingdom

Jacqueline A. Nicholas, MD, MPH, OhioHealth Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus, OH, Natalie C Edwards, MSc, Health Services Consulting Corporation, Boxborough, MA, Anna Dellarole, PhD, Fair Dynamics Consulting, Milan, Italy, Danielle E Harlow, PhD, US Medical Affairs – Neurology & Immunology, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA and Amy L Phillips, PharmD, Data Analytics & Value Assessment, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD, MPH, Ohio Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus, OH, Natalie C Edwards, MSc, Health Services Consulting Corporation, Boxborough, MA, Danielle E Harlow, PhD, US Medical Affairs – Neurology & Immunology, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA and Amy L Phillips, PharmD, Data Analytics & Value Assessment, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD, MPH, Ohio Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus, OH, Natalie C Edwards, MSc, Health Services Consulting Corporation, Boxborough, MA, Danielle E Harlow, PhD, US Medical Affairs – Neurology & Immunology, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA and Amy L Phillips, PharmD, Data Analytics & Value Assessment, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA

Mark S Freedman, MSc, MD, FAAN, FRCPC, THe University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Alexey N Boyko, MD, Pirogov Russian National Research University & Demyelinating Diseases Center, Usupov Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Jorge Correale, MD, Department of Neurology, FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Gavin Giovannoni, MBBCh, PhD, FCP, FRCP, FRCPath, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, Thomas Leist, MD, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, Xavier Montalban, MD, PhD, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, Kottil Rammohan, MD, University of Miami, Miami, FL, Bassem Yamout, MD, Department of Neurology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon, Pedro Testi, BSc, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany and Kristin Gabriel, DO, MPH, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute Inc., Billerica, MA

Benjamin Greenberg, MD, MHS, Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, Michael Grabner, PhD, HealthCore, Inc., Wilmington, DE, Xian Zhang, PhD, HealthCore Inc., Wilmington, DE, Sanjeev Balu, PhD, MBA, B.Pharmacy, Sandoz, Inc, Princeton, NJ, Steve Hall, Pharm.D., Sandoz, Inc., Princeton, NJ and Daniel Kantor, MD, FAAN, FANA, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL

Ludwig Kappos, MD, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Mark S Freedman, MSc, MD, FAAN, FRCPC, THe University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, Gilles Edan, MD, CHU Hopital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France, Hans-Peter Hartung, MD, Department of Neurology, UKD, Center of Neurology and Neuropsychiatry and LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich-Heine University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany, Xavier Montalban, MD, PhD, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia (Cemcat), Barcelona, Spain; University of Toronto, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Canada, Frederik Barkhof, MD, PhD, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom, Ralf Koelbach, MSc, PAREXEL International, Berlin, Germany and Eva-Maria Wicklein, MD, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany

Jacqueline Nicholas, MD, MPH, Ohio Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus, OH, Natalie C Edwards, MSc, Health Services Consulting Corporation, Boxborough, MA, Anna Dellarole, PhD, Fair Dynamics Consulting, Milan, Italy, Danielle E Harlow, PhD, US Medical Affairs – Neurology & Immunology, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA and Amy L Phillips, PharmD, Data Analytics & Value Assessment, EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA

Theodore R Brown, MD, MPH, MS Center at Evergreen Health, Evergreen Health, Kirkland WA, WA and Virginia I Simnad, MD, MS, MS Center at Evergreen Health, Evergreen Health, Kirkland, WA

Lauren Long, Pharm.D. and Ryan Fuller, Pharm.D., Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Sibyl Wray, MD1, Samuel F Hunter, MD, PhD2, Richard Leigh-Pemberton, MD3, Ilda Bidollari, MD, MBA3, Hailu Chen, PhD4, Lili Yang, PhD4, Catherine Miller, PharmD, MPH4 and Jerome Hanna, PhD5, (1)Hope Neurology MS Center, Knoxville, TN, (2)Advanced Neurosciences Institute, Franklin, TN, (3)Alkermes Inc., Waltham, MA, (4)Biogen, Cambridge, MA, (5)Biogen, Maidenhead, United Kingdom

Mark Gudesblatt, MD1, Sibyl Wray, MD2, Catherine Miller, PharmD, MPH3, Jerome Hanna, PhD4, Maria Lopez-Bresnahan, MD5, Boris Kandinov, PhD5, Hailu Chen, PhD3, Lili Yang, PhD3 and Richard Leigh-Pemberton, MD5, (1)South Shore Neurologic Associates, Patchogue, NY, (2)Hope Neurology MS Center, Knoxville, TN, (3)Biogen, Cambridge, MA, (4)Biogen, Maidenhead, United Kingdom, (5)Alkermes Inc., Waltham, MA

Tu My To, PhD, MPH1, Erru Yang, MS1, Eddie Jones, BA2, Damian Fiore, Pharm.D1 and Natalie Engmann, PhD, MSc1, (1)Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, (2)Adelphi Real World, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Casey V Farin, MD1, Suma Shah, MD1, Jenelle M. Hall, PharmD2, Fletcher L Hartsell III, MD MPH1 and Christopher Eckstein, MD1, (1)Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, (2)Duke University, Durham, NC

Mirela Cerghet, MD, PhD1,2, Lonni Schultz, PhD3, Helena Bulka, DO1 and Stanton Elias, MD1, (1)Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, (2)School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, (3)Public Health Science, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI

Shlomo Flechter, MD1, Ariel Miller, MD, PhD2,3, Laura Popper, MD4, Nadav Bleich Kimelman, DMD, PhD4, Shai Rubnov, PhD4, Uri Danon, MBA, B.Sc4, Ehud Marom, B.Sc.4, Ron Milo, MD5,6, Joab Chapman, MD, PhD7,8, Alla Shifrin, MD9, Ronit Gilad, MD10, Chen Hoffmann, MD11, Dimitrios Karussis, MD, PhD12, Talma Brenner, PhD13, Tamir Ben-Hur, MD, PhD14 and Arnon Karni, MD, PhD8,15, (1)Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research and Therapy Service, Department of Neurology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel, (2)Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, (3)Multiple Sclerosis & Brain Research Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, (4)Mapi Pharma Ltd, Ness Ziona, Israel, (5)Department of Neurology, Barzilai University Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel, (6)Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel, (7)Department of Neurology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel, (8)Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, (9)Department of Neurology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, (10)Department of Neurology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel, (11)Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel, (12)Unit of Neuroimmunology-MS Center, Hadassah Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel, (13)Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, (14)Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, (15)Neuroimmunology Clinic, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel

Scott D. Newsome, DO1, Thomas Shoemaker, MD2, Pavan Bhargava, MD1, Sarah Snoops, RN1, Fan Tian, MSE1, Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Sc.M., Sc.D.1, David Cooper, MD3, Jennifer Mammen, MD, MPhil, PhD3, Ellen M Mowry, MD, MCR1 and Peter A Calabresi, MD1, (1)Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, (2)Neurology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, (3)Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

Claudia Chaves, MD, Daniel Gans, undergraduate student, Catia Melo, SC, Jessica Vecchia, RN, MSN and Ann Camac, MD, Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Lexington, MA

John F Kramer, PA-C, Neurology, St Thomas Medical Partners, Nashville, TN and Adil Javed, MD, Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL

Natalya Belotserkovskaya, MD, Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

Timothy Vollmer, MD1, Enrique Alvarez, MD1, Kavita Nair, PhD1, Jeffrey A Cohen, MD2, Aaron Boster, MD3, Ashish Pradhan, MD4, Bruno Musch, MD, PhD4, Xiaoye Ma, PhD4, Jinglan Pei, PhD4, Ming Yang, PhD4, Brandon Moss, MD2, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, MD5 and Robert Bermel, MD2, (1)University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, (2)Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, (3)OhioHealth Multiple Sclerosis Center, Columbus, OH, (4)Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, (5)University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY

Enrique Alvarez, MD, PhD1, Amit Bar-Or, MD2,3, Guy J Buckle, MD4, Stanley L Cohan, MD, PhD5, Bruce A C Cree, MD, PhD, MAS6, Yang Mao-Draayer, MD, PhD7, Micheline McCarthy, MD, PhD8, Aaron E Miller, MD9, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, MD10, Nina Jaitly, MD, MPH11, Linda-Ali Cruz, MD11, Scott Kolodny, MD11, Xiangyi Meng, PhD11, Davorka Tomic, PhD12 and Wendy Su, PhD11, (1)Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, (2)Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, (3)Center for Neuroinflammation and Experimental Therapeutics, and Multiple Sclerosis Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, (4)Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA, (5)Providence Multiple Sclerosis Center, The Providence Brain Institute, Portland, OR, (6)Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, (7)University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, (8)Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, (9)Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, (10)University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, (11)Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, (12)Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland

Thomas Finnegan, PhD, Catherine Murray, MA and John Maeglin, BA, Medscape Education, New York, NY

Sven Schippling, MD, Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Maria Pia Sormani, PhD, Biostatistics Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, Nicola De Stefano, MD, Department of Neurological and Behavioural Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, Gavin Giovannoni, MD, Queen Mary University of London, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom, Fernando Dangond, MD, Global Clinical Development Center, EMD Serono, Inc., Billerica, MA, Andrew Galazka, MD, Merck, Aubonne, Switzerland, Birgit Keller, Diplom, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany and Nektaria Alexandri, MD, MSc, Neurology and Immunology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Kottil Rammohan, MD1, Doris Damian, PhD2, Yann Hyvert, PhD3, Fernando Dangond, MD4, Lori Lebson, PhD2 and Gavin Giovannoni, MBBCh, PhD, FCP, FRCP, FRCPath5, (1)Ohio State University Hospital, Columbus, OH, (2)EMD Serono, Inc., Billerica, MA, (3)EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA, (4)Global Clinical Development Center, EMD Serono, Inc., Billerica, MA, (5)Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom

Barry A Singer, MD1, Kiren Kresa-Reahl, MD2, Gerard Harty, MSc3, Daniel Jones, PhD4, Gary Cutter, PhD5 and Schiffon L Wong, PhD3, (1)MS Center for Innovations in Care, Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, (2)Providence MS Center, Portland, OR, (3)EMD Serono, Inc., Billerica, MA, (4)EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA, (5)Department of Biostatistics, UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL

Stuart Cook, MD1, Gavin Giovannoni, MBBCh, PhD, FCP, FRCP, FRCPath2, Thomas Leist, MD3, Sana Syed, MPH4, Axel Nolting, MD5, Doris Damian, PhD4 and Regina Schick, MD5, (1)Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, (2)Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom, (3)Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, (4)EMD Serono, Inc., Billerica, MA, (5)Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

John D Nieland, PhD, Associate Prof., Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

Lily Lee, PhD1, Rachna Kasliwal, MPH2, Yogi Patel, PhD3, Jonathan Smith, MSc2, Christophe Hotermans, MD, PhD1, Denise Campagnolo, MD1 and Thos Cochrane, MD, MBA1, (1)Biogen, Cambridge, MA, (2)Biogen, Maidenhead, United Kingdom, (3)Biogen at the time of this work, Maidenhead, United Kingdom

Marco Battaglini, PhD1, Antonio Giorgio, MD1, Ludovico Luchetti, MS1, Maria Laura Stromillo, MD1, Andrea Visconti, MD2, Maria Pia Sormani, PhD3 and Nicola De Stefano, MD1, (1)Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, (2)Medical Affairs Department, Merck Serono, Rome, Italy, (3)Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy

Youkyung S Roh, BA1, Ellen M Mowry, MD, MCR2 and Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Sc.M., Sc.D.2, (1)Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, (2)Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

Hannah M Geils, B.S., Joshua D Katz, M.D., Ellen S Lathi, MD and India C Stribling, B.S., The Elliot Lewis Center for Multiple Sclerosis Care, Wellesley, MA

Ralph Kern, MD, MHSc, Clinical, BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics, New York, NY, Jeffrey A Cohen, MD, Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, Tanuja Chitnis, MD, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Daniel Pelletier, MD, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Fred Lublin, MD, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, Christopher B. Lock, MD, PhD, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA and Yael Gothelf, Ph.D., BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics, Petach Tikva, Isreal and New York, NY

Stephen Newman, MD1, Yang Mao-Draayer, MD, PhD2, Karen Blitz, DO3, Ray Su, PhD4, Jason P Mendoza, PhD4 and Robin Avila-Carey, PhD4, (1)Neurological Associates, Plainview, NY, (2)Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, (3)Island Neurology Care, Massapequa, NY, (4)Biogen, Cambridge, MA

Hannah M Geils, B.S., India C Stribling, B.S., Joshua D Katz, M.D. and Ellen S Lathi, MD, The Elliot Lewis Center for Multiple Sclerosis Care, Wellesley, MA

Brooke Hayward, SM, MBA1, Sarah Cardoso, MD2, Megan Grosso, PA-C, DPT, PT1, Soudeh Ansari, PhD3 and Salvatore Napoli, MD2, (1)EMD Serono, Inc., Rockland, MA, (2)Neurology Center of New England, Foxboro, MA, (3)Prometrika LLC, Cambridge, MA